Canada （6do encyclopedia）230512

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Canada is a North American country that is known for its diverse landscapes, multicultural population, and friendly people. It is the second largest country in the world, covering a total area of 9.98 million square kilometers. Canada shares its border with the United States to the south and with the Arctic Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, and Pacific Ocean to the north, east, and west respectively. The country is a constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary system of government, and its head of state is Queen Elizabeth II.

History

The history of Canada dates back to the arrival of Indigenous people, who have lived in the region for thousands of years. European exploration and colonization began in the 16th century, with the arrival of French and English explorers. In 1763, the Treaty of Paris was signed, which resulted in France ceding its Canadian territories to Great Britain. This marked the beginning of British rule, which lasted until 1867, when Canada became a self-governing dominion within the British Empire.

Throughout the 20th century, Canada experienced significant growth and development. The country participated in both world wars, with many Canadians serving in the armed forces. Canada also played a key role in the establishment of the United Nations and NATO. Today, Canada is known for its friendly international relations and its commitment to promoting peace, security, and human rights around the world.

Geography

Canada is known for its diverse landscapes, which range from soaring mountains and glaciers to vast forests and rolling prairies. The country is divided into ten provinces and three territories, each with its own unique geography and climate. The eastern provinces are known for their rocky coastlines and colorful fishing villages, while the prairies are home to vast fields of golden wheat and canola. The Arctic regions of Canada are known for their harsh, icy landscapes, while the west coast is known for its mild climate and beautiful beaches.

One of Canada’s most iconic natural landmarks is Niagara Falls, located on the border between Ontario and New York State. The falls are the most powerful in North America, and draw millions of visitors each year. Another popular destination is Banff National Park, located in the Canadian Rockies. The park is home to breathtaking scenery, as well as hiking and skiing trails for outdoor enthusiasts.

Culture

Canada is known for its multicultural population, which is made up of people from all over the world. The country has two official languages, English and French, reflecting the influence of its colonial history. In addition to English and French, many Canadians also speak other languages, such as Mandarin, Punjabi, Spanish, and Arabic.

Canada’s diverse population has contributed to its vibrant and unique culture. The country is known for its music, literature, and art, as well as its popular cultural landmarks such as the Calgary Stampede and the Montreal Jazz Festival. Canada is also home to several museums and cultural centers, such as the Canadian Museum of History and the Canadian Broadcasting Corporation.

Economy

Canada has one of the largest economies in the world, with a gross domestic product (GDP) of $1.6 trillion USD in 2020. The country is known for its strong resource-based industries, including energy, forestry, and mining. Canada is also a major exporter of agricultural products, such as wheat, canola, and beef.

In addition to its resource-based industries, Canada also has a strong manufacturing sector, producing goods such as automobiles, aircraft, and machinery. The country is also a leader in the technology industry, with firms such as Shopify, BlackBerry, and OpenText based in Canada.

Conclusion

Canada is a diverse and vibrant country, known for its friendly people, majestic landscapes, and strong economy. The country has a rich cultural heritage, and its commitment to promoting peace and security around the world has earned it a reputation as a global leader. Whether you are looking to experience the excitement of a bustling city or the peacefulness of a remote wilderness area, Canada offers something for everyone.

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Vancouver Chinatown gets $2.2-million grant to revitalize historic neighbourhood

The Toronto Star

23-05-12 19:14

The Vancouver Chinatown neighbourhood is set to receive a $2.2m grant. The funding is aimed at improving the area's infrastructure and lighting, as well as upgrading the facade of the Chinese Cultural Centre. Chinatown has been the focus of several revitalisation efforts after concerns were raised around crime levels and lower foot traffic during the COVID-19 pandemic. The neighbourhood's business leaders have reportedly welcomed the addition of new non-Chinese businesses but want to maintain the area's cultural heritage to preserve its unique character.

https://www.thestar.com/politics/2023/05/12/vancouver-chinatown-gets-22-million-grant-to-revitalize-historic-neighbourhood.html

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Bernadine Strik, Whose Insights Helped Blueberries Thrive, Dies at 60

NY Times

23-05-12 19:03

Bernadine Strik, a horticulture professor at Oregon State University who revolutionised blueberry cultivation strategies, has died aged 60 from complications of ovarian cancer. Strik challenged existing growing practices and worked on a series of studies, which found that changing those practices could improve harvests. She discovered that spacing plants along 3ft rows produced 50% higher yields as they grew without lowering yields once mature, using trellises provided a harvest of 4-8% more blueberries and using synthetic weed mats combined with sawdust increased yields by up to 10%. Strik's research led to dramatic increases in yield and organic production in Oregon.

https://www.nytimes.com/2023/05/12/science/bernadine-strik-dead.html?searchResultPosition=1

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We thought we’d saved the whales. Were we wrong?

The Sydney Morning Herald

23-05-12 19:00

Whales remain enigmatic creatures to researchers, even after centuries of hunting and study. Humans have only discovered basic facts about them, such as how some species communicate. Marine pollution, the climate crisis and shipping are the biggest threats to the world’s remaining cetaceans, with at least 300,000 killed by humans each year, according to The Guardian. The global fishing industry is one of the largest causes of death, with animals being taken as bycatch or entangled in nets. Climate change, which threatens the food sources of many whale species, also poses an existential risk.

Scientists are currently working on discovering a greater range of knowledge about these ocean giants, including where some species give birth, how they think, and what they communicate. A team from the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF), in conjunction with researchers from the Institute of Marine Sciences at UC Santa Cruz and the Macuáticos Colombia Foundation, have travelled to the Antarctic Peninsula to study the region’s nine whale species, while Australian-founded tour company Intrepid Travel provides them with space for their equipment and samples. Researchers aim to take skin and blubber biopsies and data from suction tags, while drone footage will help identify individual whales.

A study produced by the WWF last year detailed the existential threats facing whales, both in their critical ocean habitats and along their migration routes. Another threat comes when whales reach the end of their colossal annual migration, with Antarctica their final destination, but also the only place they can reliably feed at during their long journeys - which can stretch to up to an annual 17,000-kilometre round trip for some whale species.

https://www.smh.com.au/environment/conservation/we-thought-we-d-saved-the-whales-were-we-wrong-20230405-p5cyf9.html

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Will Arnett loves Toronto, making people laugh — and when the joke is on him

The Toronto Star

23-05-12 19:00

Will Arnett has hosted a wide-ranging charity fundraiser gala named Laughter is the Best Medicine for the Michael Garron Hospital Foundation in Toronto. The community hospital event will host headliner John Mulaney, while Arnett’s father previously worked with the hospital board. With deep-rooted ties to the region, he said that for him, working with others and being kind to one another are paramount in today’s world. “The responsibility to help others is such a part of who [Canadians] are culturally,” he said, adding he thinks laughter is an essential tool to help put things in perspective.

https://www.thestar.com/entertainment/2023/05/12/will-arnett-loves-toronto-making-people-laugh-and-when-the-joke-is-on-him.html

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The Melbourne suburbs where you should have bought a house

The Sydney Morning Herald

23-05-12 19:00

Melbourne's housing market has priced average Australian income earners out of owning a home, according to data from CoreLogic. The research shows that single buyers no longer have the borrowing capacity to purchase homes anywhere in the city, whilst couples have been priced out of buying in 59 suburbs. Eleven of the city's suburbs have seen values drop in value by 9.6% since they peaked in February 2018, while borrowing capacity has reduced by 30% in the same period. Single homebuyers' borrowing capacity has fallen by $144,000 since April 2018, meaning their budget is $465,250, while couples' budgets have fallen by $335,000. With new home approvals down 15%, demand for the remaining new builds that are available are outstripping supply, leading to concerns for those looking to buy a home and prompting a rise in the 'Bank of Mum and Dad' phenomenon.

https://www.smh.com.au/property/news/the-melbourne-suburbs-where-you-should-have-bought-a-house-20230511-p5d7kp.html