Petersburg （6do encyclopedia）

[brief (簡報編譯)]

Petersburg is a historic city located in southeast Virginia, United States. It is also known as “P-Town” or “The Burg” to locals. The city was incorporated in 1784 and named after Peter Jones, an early settler. Petersburg has a rich history, having been a major center for both the Revolutionary War and the Civil War.

Geography

Petersburg is located in the Richmond-Petersburg region of Virginia, near the Appomattox River. It covers an area of approximately 23 square miles. The city is divided into six wards, each with its own representative on the city council.

History

Petersburg has a long and complex history, dating back to the early days of the United States. The city was founded in 1733 by Peter Jones, who named it after himself. Over the years, Petersburg grew into a major center for trade and commerce, due to its location on the Appomattox River.

During the Revolutionary War, Petersburg played an important role as a supply depot for the Continental Army. The city was also the site of several battles, including the Battle of Petersburg in 1781.

During the Civil War, Petersburg was a vital supply line for Confederate troops. The city was besieged by Union forces for nine months from June 1864 to April 1865. The siege resulted in a number of significant battles, including the Battle of the Crater. On April 3, 1865, Union forces captured Petersburg, which helped lead to the surrender of General Robert E. Lee and the end of the war.

After the war, Petersburg struggled to rebuild and recover. The city has faced numerous challenges over the years, including economic decline and racial tension. However, Petersburg has persevered and is today a vibrant and diverse community.

Culture

Petersburg has a rich cultural heritage, as evidenced by its numerous historic sites and museums. One of the most well-known sites is Petersburg National Battlefield, which commemorates the Battle of Petersburg and the siege of the city. The park features a number of trails and exhibits that offer visitors a glimpse into the history of the area.

Another popular attraction is the Petersburg Area Art League, a non-profit organization that promotes the arts in the community. The league hosts a variety of art exhibits and events throughout the year, and also offers art classes and workshops.

In addition, Petersburg is home to a number of annual festivals and events, including the Old Towne Festival in May and the Festival of Grapes and Hops in September. These events celebrate the city’s history and culture, and attract visitors from across the region.

Economy

Petersburg’s economy has struggled in recent years, due in part to the decline of the manufacturing industry. However, the city has made efforts to revitalize its economy by focusing on tourism and attracting new businesses. The city has also taken steps to address its financial challenges by implementing a new budget and working to reduce its debt.

Education

Petersburg is home to a number of schools, including Petersburg High School, which serves as the main high school in the city. Other schools include Peabody Middle School and Petersburg Middle School. The city is also home to Virginia State University, a historically black university that was founded in 1882.

Transportation

Petersburg is served by several major highways, including Interstate 95 and U.S. Route 1. The city is also served by the Petersburg Area Transit (PAT), which offers bus service throughout the city and the surrounding area. In addition, there is an Amtrak station located in Petersburg that provides rail service to Richmond and other major cities.

Conclusion

Petersburg is a city with a rich history and a bright future. Despite its challenges, the city has persevered and remains a vibrant and resilient community. With its numerous attractions and events, Petersburg is a great place to visit and live.

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[brief (簡報編譯)]

Why Putin Needs Wagner

Foreign Affairs

23-05-12 04:00

Russia's private military company (PMC) Wagner has become a crucial means of reigning in the Russian military for President Vladimir Putin, who sees it as a potential threat to his rule, according to a report in Foreign Policy. The group has been active in the siege of Bakhmut in eastern Ukraine. Reportedly capable of launching offensive operations, it has also proved ferocious and brutal in its tactics and has incurred catastrophic losses. Its leader, Yevgeny Prigozhin, has launched verbal attacks at Sergei Shoigu, the Russian defence minister, casting doubt on the PMC's relationship with the Kremlin. However, the PMC is not a standalone force and the origins of Wagner can be traced back to the origins of the GRU, the Russian military intelligence agency.

The Wagner PMC has evolved from being a secretive, deniable proxy mercenary force to a large military unit with operations in several countries and its own artillery, air force and film production to glorify its deeds. Wagner also boasts its own production company and a corporate headquarters. This has raised questions of how much of the Russian military is supportive of the PMC. While Putin has relied heavily on informal and deniable military forces since the Soviet era, the GRU’s support of Wagner does not guarantee Wagner’s safety. In the early 2000s, the GRU was responsible for supervising a proxy military battalion in Chechnya, which was run by Ruslan Yamadayev, a powerful warlord. Yamadayev was assassinated in 2008, while sitting in his car in Moscow.

However, despite his caustic criticisms of the Ministry of Defense, Wagner chief Prigozhin has some support from within the military and has retained backing from the GRU so far. Reportedly, since Russia lost significant territory to Ukraine in September, the country’s heavily controlled media has been ordered to help promote Wagner and its activities in Ukraine. Without knowing the extent of intelligence and military support for Prigozhin and Wagner, it remains to be seen how long they can last as Putin’s means of reigning in the military.

https://www.foreignaffairs.com/russian-federation/why-putin-needs-wagner

[brief (簡報編譯)]

Defending Indy 500 champ Marcus Ericsson back at Brickyard, seeking new contract

The Toronto Star

23-05-11 22:56

Swedish IndyCar driver Marcus Ericsson, who won the Indianapolis 500 last year, is seeking a new contract with the Chip Ganassi Racing team. Ericsson, currently the IndyCar points leader, has been racing professionally for more than a decade, and after eight years, finally won his first race, the Detroit Grand Prix in 2021. He has focused on delivering ongoing good performances so his skills, and not his sponsorships or being a “pay driver,” will be used as grounds for renewal. Ericsson’s accolades also include earning his first pole position at the current year’s Barber Motorsports Park.

https://www.thestar.com/sports/auto-racing/2023/05/11/defending-indy-500-champ-marcus-ericsson-back-at-brickyard-seeking-new-contract.html

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Russian woman who left note on grave of Putin’s parents convicted amid dissent crackdown

The Toronto Star

23-05-11 17:38

A court in St. Petersburg has handed a suspended sentence to a woman who left an offensive note on the graves of Russian President Vladimir Putin's parents. Irina Tsybaneva, 60, left a note on the guarded grave on the eve of Putin’s birthday in October 2021 that called Putin a "freak and a killer". She was found guilty of desecrating burial places which was motivated by political hatred. Her lawyer said she did not plead guilty because she did not physically desecrate the grave and did not seek publicity for her action. Although the note did not exist until the international tensions in Ukraine, the judge decided to treat the action as hostile to the state which has been cracking down on dissent.

https://www.thestar.com/news/world/2023/05/11/russian-woman-who-left-note-on-grave-of-putins-parents-convicted-amid-dissent-crackdown.html

[brief (簡報編譯)]

Russian woman who left note on grave of Putin's parents convicted amid dissent crackdown

The Independent

23-05-11 17:36

A Russian court has given a St Petersburg woman a two-year suspended sentence for leaving a note on the graves of President Vladimir Putin's parents reading: “Parents of a maniac, take him to your place. He causes so much pain and trouble. The whole world prays for his death. Death to Putin. You raised a freak and a killer.” The court found Irina Tsybaneva guilty of desecrating burial places motivated by political hatred. Tsybaneva's lawyer stated that she had not pleaded guilty because she had not desecrated the grave physically or sought publicity for her action. Since Putin sent troops into Ukraine, the government has waged a crackdown on dissent unseen since the Soviet era. Jailed opposition leader Alexei Navalny reported on Twitter that he had been returned to a solitary confinement punishment cell only a day after his release from one.

https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-politics/vladimir-putin-ap-alexei-navalny-novaya-gazeta-ukraine-b2337240.html

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Russia fines Google over 'LGBT propaganda' and 'false information' - agencies

Reuters

23-05-11 08:56

A Russian court has fined Google 3 million roubles ($38,600) for failing to delete YouTube videos it claimed promoted "LGBT propaganda" and "false information" about Russia's military campaign in Ukraine. This is one of dozens of fines levied by Moscow against Western tech companies with the aim of increasing control over online content. Last year Russia passed laws against "LGBT propaganda" and has since tightened these. Under the law any attempt to promote homosexuality in public, online, or in films, books or advertising could result in fines. Google was also fined $93m in December 2020.

https://www.reuters.com/technology/russia-fines-google-over-lgbt-propaganda-false-information-agencies-2023-05-11/

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Why Vladimir Putin isn’t shutting down the outspoken ‘thug’ running the Wagner Group

The Toronto Star

23-05-16 00:07

Analysts are trying to understand the motivations behind Yevgeny Prigozhin, founder of the notorious private military company, the Wagner Group, who continues to flout what is acceptable in a time of war, despite having had talks with Ukraine which could be considered treasonous. He was also behind the Russian troll farm behind the effort to sway the results of the 2016 US presidential election. As the Russian military efforts stall, some analysts believe that in Russia he is becoming more important than President Vladimir Putin. Abbas Gallyamov, a political analyst and former Putin speech writer, said: “The situation is changing dramatically, and the things that were previously unimaginable are now becoming realistic.” Thus, Prigozhin may be making preparations for a smooth transition from the battlefield to the Russian political arena with ambitions of founding a conservative political movement. Russian military intelligence analyst, Oleksandr Danylyuk, has suggested that Prigozhin's angred persona may simply benefit Putin's strategic narrative that regime change in Russia would be bad for the West.

https://www.thestar.com/news/world/2023/05/15/why-vladimir-putin-isnt-shutting-down-the-outspoken-thug-running-the-wagner-group.html

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Putin gave Orthodox Church famed icon because of its importance to believers - Kremlin

Reuters

23-05-16 11:49

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One of Russia's most artistically influential religious icons, Andrei Rublyov's 15th-century Trinity piece, is to be handed over by President Putin from a museum to the Russian Orthodox Church. The Church, of which Putin has been a keen supporter as part of his vision for Russia's national identity, is viewed as one of the most ardent institutional supporters of Russia’s war in Ukraine. The decision has resulted in critics suggesting that Putin is bringing the relationship between church and state too close.

https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/putin-gave-orthodox-church-famed-icon-because-its-importance-believers-kremlin-2023-05-16/

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Russia freezes bank accounts of Finland’s diplomatic missions, prompting cash payments

The Toronto Star

23-05-17 11:37

Russia has frozen the bank accounts of Finland's diplomatic representations in Moscow and St. Petersburg, disrupting money flow and forcing the country's missions to resort to cash payments, according to Finland's foreign minister, Pekka Haavisto. The move breaches the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations and other EU member countries have encountered problems with money traffic in Russia. However, there is no risk of a closure of Finland's diplomatic missions in Russia as the move does not affect salary payments to staff.

https://www.thestar.com/news/world/europe/2023/05/17/russia-freezes-bank-accounts-of-finlands-diplomatic-missions-prompting-cash-payments.html

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Paris Olympics vows to carry torch for LGBTQ rights after watershed of Tokyo

CBC

23-05-17 17:00

Organizers of the Paris Olympics have pledged to use the event to push for greater LGBTQ rights worldwide, as part of their inclusive ethos. Paris 2024 intends to create a Pride House to celebrate LGBTQ people, and will give competitors and campaigners the opportunity to speak out about LGBTQ rights. Athletes will also be “free to speak and share their messages” outside of competing, according to organizing committee president Tony Estanguet. The move appears to buck previous conventions, with activists having their voices silenced and some being arrested at previous Olympics.

https://www.cbc.ca/sports/olympics/paris-olympics-lgbtq-rights-1.6846456

[brief (簡報編譯)]

Paris Olympics vows to carry the torch for LGBTQ rights after watershed of Tokyo

Associated Press

23-05-17 15:59

The organisers of the 2024 Paris Olympics intend to use the games to promote LGBT rights beyond France. They have given rainbow colors to the official logo of prestigious Sport events on Wednesday to mark the international day against homophobia, transphobia, and biphobia. The organisers plan to seize the Olympic spotlight to push a broader message that demands for the progression of LGBTQ rights outside France. The French capital will have a Pride House that will celebrate the community during the Olympics and Paralympics. The Olympians and campaigners will have plenty of opportunities to express the LGBTQ right during the event.

https://apnews.com/article/paris-olympics-lgbtq-rights-discrimination-homophobia-00c32050c7733dd9e66fa26faa2c71df

[brief (簡報編譯)]

A Moment of Truth for Russia's Wagner Group in Bakhmut

Spiegel

23-05-17 14:49

Yevgeny Prigozhin, a Russian businessman with close links to President Vladimir Putin, has been uploading photos, videos and audio files for months to his Telegram channel. In his most recent clip, posted last week, he filmed himself in a bloodied field, with rows of corpses laid out behind him, berating the Russian military leaders for failing to give him the munitions he needed to fight in Ukraine’s Donbass region. Prigozhin, who is the leader of the notorious mercenary unit, the Wagner Group, has given a face to the brutalisation of the Putin regime, but some have wondered if he is a megalomaniac. The video shows the story of one man’s rise to unimaginable power, a man who can promise people their freedom or send them to their deaths.

Prigozhin made the conquering of Bakhmut in the Donbass his personal mission. Russian and Ukrainian media outlets say that Prigozhin, together with army commanders, developed a suicidal battle plan. It was his idea to attack the city before Ukrainian supply lines were cut, thus turning it into a battle of attrition – from the standpoint of both personnel and material. He was also allowed to recruit his fighters from the prisons of Russia. Of 30 men who were recruited for the mission from Rustam’s colony, he was apparently among the most able-bodied. Only nine of them managed to complete the required fitness test, the sit-ups and the pull-ups. Prigozhin’s troops have been butchered, and he is no longer receiving the munitions he needs.

There are up to 10,000 Wagner fighters currently in Ukraine, according to a senior official in the Ukrainian military intelligence agency, and most of them have been deployed in and around Bakhmut where housing block by housing block, destroyed home by destroyed home, the Ukrainians have pulled back. Prigozhin poses as Putin’s loyal bloodhound, but has threatened the very system the president has built up. While he takes care of dirty work for Putin, Prigozhin has given a face to the brutalisation of the Putin regime, although his grip on power is unclear.

https://www.spiegel.de/international/world/yevgeny-s-prigozhin-s-meat-grinder-a-moment-of-truth-for-russia-s-wagner-group-in-bakhmut-a-f306a3c2-0e90-4085-8b90-ad36ef3d81ab

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Josephine Baker: Dancer, spy and activist

Deutsche Welle

23-05-18 11:03

An exhibition at the Bundeskunsthalle in Bonn, titled "Freedom, Equality, Humanity" and running until September 2023, is honouring the work of American dancer and civil rights activist Josephine Baker. Born in St Louis in 1906, she began her stage career at the age of 16 and first appeared in Paris in 1925, where her famous Charleston dance and "danse sauvage", in which she wore a skirt made of artificial bananas, assisted her rise to fame as a "Black Venus". A celebrated star in Europe, she faced racist hostility during a tour in the US. During World War II, she worked for the Red Cross before becoming a spy for the French resistance movement. General Charles De Gaulle awarded her the French Legion of Honour in recognition of her efforts. Post-war, Baker lived at Les Milandes, a 15th-century castle in southwestern France, where 12 children of different origins whom she adopted over the years lived. She died 12 May 1975 aged 68.

https://www.dw.com/en/josephine-baker-dancer-spy-and-activist/a-56220683

[brief (簡報編譯)]

A Generation of Women Named for Connie Chung

NY Times

23-05-18 15:35

Readers of the New York Times have responded to its articles through letters to the editor. Connie Wu of San Francisco wrote that the use of the English name Connie derived from the influence of Connie Chung, an American journalist for whom many Asian women have been named; Anne Toohey of Chapel Hill described the surprised look on the face of Connie Chung when she learned how many women had been named after her; Professor Laycock of Charlottesville argued against using the debt limit as a political tool; and David S. Elkind of Greenwich, Connecticut, criticized Florida Governor Ron DeSantis’ attempts to limit free speech.

https://www.nytimes.com/2023/05/18/opinion/letters/connie-chung-asian-women.html?searchResultPosition=1

[brief (簡報編譯)]

Francisco Mejía has sac fly in 8th, major league-leading Rays beat Brewers 1-0

The Toronto Star

23-05-20 01:03

The Tampa Bay Rays defeated the Milwaukee Brewers 1-0 on Friday night, with Francisco Mejía hitting an eighth-inning sacrifice fly. Luke Raley was hit by a pitch before stealing second and going to third on catcher William Contreras' throwing error, with Mejía's fly to left bringing him home. The Rays are now 33-13, including 20-3 at home. Tampa Bay ace Shane McClanahan failed in his bid to become the first eight-game winner, despite throwing seven shutout innings in which he allowed six hits and had seven strikeouts. Brewers left-fielder Christian Yelich started after missing two games with back issues and went 0 for 4. Meanwhile, Tampa Bay's Tyler Glasnow (oblique) had a mound session and should make his final minor league appearance Sunday for Triple-A Durham, while first baseman Yandy Díaz (groin, four games) should start Saturday.

https://www.thestar.com/sports/baseball/2023/05/19/francisco-meja-has-sac-fly-in-8th-major-league-leading-rays-beat-brewers-1-0.html

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Brewers’ Miley to miss 6 to 8 weeks, Yelich back in lineup

Associated Press

23-05-19 22:28

Milwaukee Brewers pitcher Wade Miley is expected to be out of action for six to eight weeks with a muscle strain in the back of his throwing shoulder. Manager Craig Counsell made the announcement ahead of the Brewers game against Tampa Bay Rays. The 36-year-old southpaw has a 3-2 record with a 3.67 ERA in eight starts this season. Last year he was limited to nine games with the Chicago Cubs due to elbow inflammation and a strained throwing shoulder.

https://apnews.com/article/brewers-miley-yelich-e19b7fc777978598f0f6d7c3b1a9fa61

[brief (簡報編譯)]

Major league-leading Rays hit 3 more homers, beat Brewers 8-4

The Toronto Star

23-05-20 23:08

Major League Baseball team the Tampa Bay Rays extended their lead at the top of the league thanks to homers from Harold Ramírez, Yandy Díaz, and Christian Bethancourt, crushing the Milwaukee Brewers. The win takes the Rays to 90 homers and 286 runs, with just 160 runs allowed, as they sit 34-14 for the season. Zach Eflin earned eight strikeouts for the Rays and was helped out by Jason Adam who retired both of his ninth-inning batters to secure his sixth save. Despite suffering the defeat, the Brewers remain in a good position in the National League Central division.

https://www.thestar.com/sports/baseball/2023/05/20/major-league-leading-rays-hit-3-more-homers-beat-brewers-8-4.html

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IAEA chief pushes plan to secure nuclear plant ahead of Ukraine offensive

Washington Post

23-05-22 04:05

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The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is urging a last-minute agreement to protect Ukraine's enormous Zaporizhzhia nuclear power plant as a counteroffensive is planned, which could see forces driven directly through the station. After nearly nine months of failed efforts to establish a protection zone around the plant between Ukraine and Russia, Rafael Grossi, the head of the IAEA, is pushing for a proposal to reduce the possibility of a catastrophic nuclear disaster. He intends to present five set principles for the UN Security Council to endorse later this month, however obtaining agreement among the council’s permanent members is a tall task given the acidic relations between Moscow and Washington coupled with Kyiv’s reluctance to let Russia broker any deal other than its complete withdrawal from Enerhodar, the city where the power station is based, and surrendering the plant. Negotiations on Grossi’s plan are ongoing. A senior European diplomat has said the chances for an agreement and the briefing to go ahead are “50-50”.

https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2023/05/22/ukraine-zaporizhzhia-nuclear-plant-grossi/