Japan (6do encyclopedia)



Japan is an East Asian island nation located in the Pacific Ocean. It is made up of four main islands – Hokkaido, Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu – and numerous smaller islands. Japan has been inhabited for thousands of years, and its culture is deep-rooted and diverse, with influences from China, Korea, and the West.

History:
Japan’s history dates back to prehistoric times, with the Jomon Period (14,000 BC to 300 BC) considered the earliest stage of Japanese civilization. During this period, people lived a hunter-gatherer lifestyle and created distinctive corded pottery. The Yayoi Period (300 BC to 300 AD) saw the introduction of rice cultivation from the Korean Peninsula, which led to the development of a more complex society. During the medieval era, Japan was ruled by powerful clans, such as the Taira and Minamoto clans, who fought for control of the country until the establishment of the Tokugawa Shogunate in 1603. During the Meiji Restoration in 1868, Japan underwent a period of modernization and opened up to the world.

Politics and government:
Japan is a constitutional monarchy, with the Emperor as the ceremonial head of state and the Prime Minister as the head of government. The Japanese parliament is called the National Diet, which consists of a House of Representatives and a House of Councillors. Japan has a multi-party system, and the ruling party is currently the Liberal Democratic Party (LDP).

Economy:
Japan has the world’s third-largest economy in terms of GDP (gross domestic product) after the United States and China. Japan is known for its leading industries in automobiles, electronics, and robotics. Despite its economic success, Japan is facing challenges, such as an aging population and a shrinking workforce.

Culture and society:
Japanese culture is known for its rich traditions, including tea ceremonies, flower arrangement, and calligraphy. Japan’s pop culture, including anime, manga, and video games, has also become popular around the world. Japanese society places a strong emphasis on politeness and respect for others, and group harmony (“wa”) is highly valued.

Food:
Japanese cuisine is known for its fresh, seasonal ingredients and emphasis on balance and presentation. Some popular dishes include sushi, ramen, udon, tempura, and yakitori. Japanese cuisine has also gained popularity around the world, with sushi restaurants and Japanese-style pubs (“izakaya”) found in many countries.

Tourism:
Japan is a popular tourist destination, attracting millions of visitors every year. Visitors can experience traditional Japanese culture in Kyoto, see the famous cherry blossoms in spring, or enjoy modern city life in Tokyo. Popular attractions include the ancient temples of Kyoto, Mount Fuji, and the bustling streets of Tokyo’s Shibuya and Shinjuku neighborhoods.

Conclusion:
Japan is a fascinating and unique country with a rich history, culture, and economy. Its contributions to the world in areas such as technology, art, and food have made it an important player on the global stage. Despite its challenges, Japan continues to be a vibrant and influential nation.


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Biden to meet Kishida on Thursday in Hiroshima: White House

Nikkei Asia

23-05-15 00:41


US President Joe Biden will meet with Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida in Hiroshima on Thursday ahead of the upcoming Group of Seven (G7) summit. Discussions will likely include the countries' response to China's growing presence in the Indo-Pacific region and Russia's conflict in Ukraine, as well as celebrating the strength of the US-Japan security alliance. Biden's visit to Hiroshima will make him the second sitting US president to visit the city after it was destroyed by an atomic bomb in the Second World War.

https://asia.nikkei.com/Spotlight/G-7-in-Japan/Biden-to-meet-Kishida-on-Thursday-in-Hiroshima-White-House
Canadian swimmer Summer McIntosh back in the pool after breaking 2 world records at national trials

CBC

23-05-15 00:22


Canadian swimmer Summer McIntosh, who broke two world records at the national swim trials, is focusing on her individual medleys and improving her breast and backstroke techniques to compete in the 200 and 400 freestyle events, 200 fly and 200 medley, and potentially the relays, at this year's world championships in Japan. She competed in a variety of events at the Atlanta Classic where she placed fourth in the 50m free in a time of 25.78, her fastest ever, and won the 100m back with a personal best of 1:00.25. McIntosh is the first swimmer to hold both the 400m freestyle and 400m individual medley long course world records at the same time. Canadian swimmer Josh Liendo had the fastest swim of the competition in the 100m free and also placed second in the 50m free at the Atlanta Classic.

https://www.cbc.ca/sports/olympics/summer/aquatics/heroux-summer-mcintosh-returns-to-competition-1.6843368
Japan April wholesale prices rise 5.8%, but pace slows for 4th straight month

Reuters

23-05-15 00:07


Japan's wholesale prices rose 5.8% in April compared to the same period last year but have slowed for the fourth consecutive month, indicating consumer inflation may begin to moderate as cost push pressures ease. The data supports the Bank of Japan's (BOJ) belief that core consumer inflation will slow later in the year when past spike effects in raw material costs dissipate. The corporate goods price index rose 5.8%, and the yen-denominated import price index fell by 2.9% year-on-year, following a 7.4% increase and a revised 9.6% gain in March, respectively.

https://www.reuters.com/markets/asia/japan-april-wholesale-prices-rise-58-pace-slows-4th-straight-month-2023-05-15/
Why Hong Kong’s BC Rangers had to change coach to play in Champions League

South China Morning Post

23-05-14 23:45


Hong Kong's BC Rangers have only four days to fulfil criteria as they strive to secure a place in the AFC Champions League by meeting requirements dictated by the Asian Football Confederation. The football team, who were recently beaten 7-1 by Kitchee in the FA Cup, have until 26 April to make their debut in the contest, including the need for professionally-licensed coaches and goalkeeping coaches. Rangers have reportedly opted to hire former player Henry Von as head coach in place of Johnny Poon Man-chun.

https://www.scmp.com/sport/hong-kong/article/3220527/hong-kongs-bc-rangers-forced-change-coach-play-afc-champions-league-2-stars-could-leave
G7 leaders to target Russian energy and trade in new sanctions, sources say

South China Morning Post

23-05-14 23:25


The Group of Seven nations are set to tighten sanctions on Russia at their summit in Japan, with US officials hopeful other countries will adopt new rules that automatically blacklist exports unless they appear on a list of authorised goods.The move is aimed at closing the gaps in the current sanctions regime, which allows all exports to be sold to Russia unless they are explicitly blacklisted. Among the new measures will be bans on trade supporting Russia’s military and tactics aimed at undermining its future energy production. The new rules comes as allies hunt for ways to restrain Russia, whose exports have often sidestepped sanctions.

https://www.scmp.com/news/world/russia-central-asia/article/3220544/g7-leaders-target-russian-energy-and-trade-new-sanctions-steps-sources-say
G7 host Japan seeks unity on threat from China

Financial Times

23-05-16 01:23


Japanese Prime Minister Fumio Kishida’s key aim during the annual G7 summit this weekend is to establish a united G7 response to China's military ambitions and "economic coercion," as the country continues to seek closer ties with NATO and imposes sanctions against Moscow as a result of the ongoing war in Ukraine. China’s interventionism has driven Japan to adopt a very cautious approach, revamping its military organisation and increasing security cooperation with nations in Southeast Asia and Europe. However, it is anticipated that the G7 will not agree on any specific new economic tools of security, and crucially, China will not be named in the statement. This widespread caucus approach aims to support countries being bullied by China rather than being completely focused on an offensive strategy. The EU, as well as other G7 members, remain very reluctant to adopt a more antagonistic stance, preferring to improve relations with emerging economies, particularly from Asia, Africa and South America.

https://www.ft.com/content/0998ac9a-58eb-44e2-b362-42cf5a0d468b
The Aussie circus king trying to bring a Californian ghost town back to life

The Sydney Morning Herald

23-05-16 01:05


Ross Mollison, the founder of live entertainment firm Spiegelworld, is hoping to convert the dusty hamlet of Nipton in the Mojave Desert, California, into a luxury attraction for tourists and a retreat for circus performers. Mollison, who bought the town for $2.5m last year, has made plans for multiple eateries, a hotel, runway for small planes and solar panels. The unincorporated town has fewer than two dozen residents who spend months at a time there. “It smells like Australia,” said Mollison, from Melbourne. Most previous efforts to exploit the town’s potential had ended in failure.

https://www.smh.com.au/business/entrepreneurship/the-australian-trying-to-bring-a-californian-ghost-town-back-to-life-20230511-p5d7ly.html
Meet Patron, the dog on a mission to help demine Ukraine

The Globe and Mail

23-05-16 00:09


A Jack Russell terrier called Patron is now a service dog working with the State Emergency Service (SES) of Ukraine for demining the country. In 2022, Japan provided USD 10mn to Ukraine in support of a mission to demine the country, and Patron has helped fulfill the mission by finding over 200 explosive devices. Ukraine remains the most mined country in the world, and almost 30% of the land is mined, equivalent to about 250,000 square kilometres. Patron is also teaching children how to be careful and follow safety rules, and regularly visits schools in Ukraine.

https://www.theglobeandmail.com/world/article-patron-bomb-sniffing-dog-ukraine/
Death penalty: Amnesty reports major increase in executions

Deutsche Welle

23-05-16 00:01


Iran and Saudi Arabia recorded a combined 80% of registered executions worldwide last year, according to Amnesty International. Iran killed 576 people, almost double the previous year’s figure, and six people were executed per day in Saudi Arabia, which saw 196 killed. At least 883 people were executed in total in 2022, an increase of over 50% on the previous year, and the highest number in five years. Amnesty did not include the estimated thousands of executions carried out in China or, among others, North Korea and Vietnam. At the end of the year, 112 countries had abolished the death penalty, with 125 countries voting for a moratorium on its use.

https://www.dw.com/en/death-penalty-amnesty-reports-major-increase-in-executions/a-65630256
U.S. agrees to renew strategic pact with Micronesia, says envoy

Nikkei Asia

23-05-15 23:44


The United States is to renew its key strategic ties with Micronesia in Washington's latest effort to boost the support of Pacific island states and counter China’s growing influence in the area. Renewing the Compact of Free Association (COFA) agreements, which grant Washington responsibility for islanders’ defence and access to strategic areas of the Pacific, has become an important part of US foreign policy. US presidential envoy, Joseph Yun, has said that the agreement would likely be signed on 22 May. The US has already signed similar agreements with Palau and the Marshall Islands. COFA provisions will expire in 2023 and 2024.

https://asia.nikkei.com/Politics/International-relations/Indo-Pacific/U.S.-agrees-to-renew-strategic-pact-with-Micronesia-says-envoy
EU top diplomat calls on bloc to court developing countries

Financial Times

23-05-16 05:18


The EU's chief diplomat, Josep Borrell, has called for a tailored approach to reaching out to countries in the developing world, and has urged the EU to accept that these countries will not take sides in disputes such as that between Russia and Ukraine. Borrell's comments come ahead of a G7 summit in Japan, a meeting that will aim to persuade developing countries to align themselves with the G7 in condemning Russia's actions. Borrell added that Europe would need to work hard to gain the trust and respect of developing nations.

Research suggests that Europe’s desire to plough billions of dollars into gas infrastructure banks on a future that may not materialise. Even if energy becomes cheaper, gas consumption is set to fall in Europe, with the fossil fuel infrastructure being seen as unnecessary by 2030 by some. The push towards renewables due to environmental concerns will coincide with a reduction in gas consumption, which could decrease by almost a third in a low price scenario. Politicians have argued that much of the gas infrastructure can be converted for use in the production of green hydrogen produced by renewable power, however, engineers have warned this may not be a cost-effective investment.


https://www.ft.com/content/c87a3208-8816-4144-860a-4a27d6f5baeb

Government approves up to 42% increases in household electricity prices

Japan Times

23-05-16 04:58


The government of Japan will allow seven of its major power companies to raise household electricity prices, which could add to inflation. The price hikes will range from 14% to 42%, as the energy crisis has affected utilities in the resource-scarce nation, with costs rising for importing fossil fuels. The increase could fuel upward momentum in prices at a time when the Bank of Japan is attentive to inflation's sustainability. As the cost of natural gas and coal hit record highs, driven by geopolitical tensions and severe winter weather, electricity rates have been rising worldwide.

https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2023/05/16/business/economy-business/power-price-hike/
Russia's war on Ukraine latest: Kyiv defends against heavy air raid

Reuters

23-05-16 04:51


In an intense air attack on Tuesday, Russia launched drones targeting Kyiv and the Ukrainian military reported that most of these had been destroyed by air defences. Although Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskiy said that he received pledges of further military assistance from the UK, including long-range attack drones and training, the Kremlin said it did not believe that British military hardware would change the course of the conflict. Leaders of the G7 nations are reportedly due to tighten sanctions on Russia at this week’s Japan summit, as part of continued diplomatic pressure on Russia.

https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/russias-war-ukraine-latest-kyiv-defends-against-heavy-air-raid-2023-05-16/
Warren Buffett’s Berkshire Hathaway sells entire stake in TSMC

CNN

23-05-16 04:32


Warren Buffett's Berkshire Hathaway has sold its holdings in Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company (TSMC) after his worries about Taiwan grew. Buffett had previously expressed concerns about the future of the self-governed democratic island where TSMC is based, amidst geopolitical tensions with China. This followed Berkshire's announcement in February that it had sold 86% of its TSMC shares, having purchased them only months earlier for $4.1bn. TSMC is the world's largest chip manufacturer and one of Taiwan's most valuable listed companies.

https://edition.cnn.com/2023/05/16/investing/berkshire-hathaway-taiwan-tsmc-stock-exit-hnk-intl/index.html
A comprehensive taxonomy of central bank logos, with jokes

Financial Times

23-05-16 04:24


Central banks have logos, and creative powerhouses they are not. Marking their presence as the guardians of monetary policy in countries around the world, the designs range from the minimalist and hipster chic to outlandish and bordering on kaiju-like. Worryingly perhaps, the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas has a hyper-detailed quasi-skeuomorphoglossy new logo that signifies "integrity and competence" – perhaps to compensate for its current placing in CNN's ranking of world central banks by size where it came in 50th, poised between Latvia and Serbia.

https://www.ft.com/content/9a7306bb-a226-4682-ad75-a29f62024d4e
Var was designed to stop talk of refereeing decisions – now we’re all watching Howard Webb

Telegraph

23-05-16 10:00


The video assistant referee (VAR) system has added another layer of conversation to refereeing decisions in football rather than curbing controversy, according to this opinion piece in the Guardian. While transparency around refereeing is important, writer Barney Ronay said it was worth considering what viewers were actually watching when referees appeared on television programmes to explain decisions. In the Premier League, for example, there are now 30-minute seminars from referees, including the meanings of acronyms and jargon. Increases in communication and information are good, but the trouble is that so many referee decisions are still matters of opinion, the article said.

https://www.telegraph.co.uk/football/2023/05/16/var-howard-webb-mnf-monday-night-football/
Japan approves energy firms' household power price hike

Reuters

23-05-16 09:30


Japan's government has approved an increase in household electricity rates made by seven major utilities, which range from 14% to 42% to reflect higher fuel costs. The hikes will put strain on the world's third-biggest economy, and are expected to squeeze the loss-making sector between high global fuel prices and Tokyo's green goals. The increases, which were due last August, took several months to examine due to the government's bid to ease the high inflation burden on consumers.

https://www.reuters.com/world/asia-pacific/japan-approves-energy-firms-household-power-price-hike-2023-05-16/
European stocks stumble as rate concerns return

Financial Times

23-05-16 09:20


European stocks fell at the start of trading on 18 May after the European Commission raised its EU-wide consumer price inflation forecast to 6.7% for this year, higher than previous estimates of 6.4%, adding to fears that interest rates will remain high. The eurozone economy is also expected to have stagnated at 1.3% year on year in first quarter 2023, according to Reuters. A host of investor caution will be exacerbated by the release of US retail sales data for April, as emerging markets continue to struggle amid a paradigm shift in global markets.

https://www.ft.com/content/e0702827-c666-454e-95d4-56ba01001166
Drag performer stopped at airport over unrecognisable passport photo

The Independent

23-05-16 09:06


A traveller from Australia says surgery has made them look so different to their passport picture that they were held up at an airport. TikTok user Tomi Grainger said they were detained at passport control in Japan while travelling from Sydney. The drag performer, who said they were nervous they might miss their flight, was eventually let through after explaining they had recently had cosmetic surgery. "I think it's about time I change my passport," Grainger said.

https://www.independent.co.uk/travel/news-and-advice/passport-photo-plastic-surgery-drag-b2339622.html