Breast cancer is a type of cancer that affects the breast tissues, including the ducts, lobules (milk-producing glands), and connective tissue. It is the most common cancer among women worldwide and the second most common cancer overall. Although breast cancer can affect men, it is rare, accounting for less than 1% of all breast cancer cases.
Early detection is key to successful breast cancer treatment. The most common screening tool for breast cancer is mammography. The American Cancer Society recommends that women start getting mammograms at age 45 and continue to get them every year until age 54. After that, they can choose to get them every other year. Women with a higher risk of breast cancer, such as those with a family history of the disease, may need to start screening earlier or get more frequent screenings.
While mammography is an important screening tool, it is not perfect. Some breast cancers may not be detected by mammography, particularly in women with dense breast tissue. That’s why it’s important for women to know the symptoms of breast cancer and to perform regular self-examinations.
Breast Cancer Symptoms
Breast cancer symptoms may include the following:
- A lump or thickening in the breast or underarm area
- A change in the size or shape of the breast
- Nipple discharge or a nipple that turns inward (inverted nipple)
- Skin changes, such as dimpling or puckering of the skin on the breast
It’s important to note that not all breast lumps are cancerous. Most breast lumps are actually benign (non-cancerous) and may be the result of a cyst, fibroadenoma (a non-cancerous tumor), or other non-cancerous conditions. However, it’s always best to get any breast lump checked out by a healthcare provider to rule out cancer.
Breast Self-Examination
Performing regular breast self-examinations can help women become familiar with their breast tissue and identify any changes that may be a sign of breast cancer. The best time to perform a breast self-examination is a few days after the end of your menstrual cycle, when your breasts are less likely to be tender or swollen.
Here are the steps to perform a breast self-examination:
- Look at your breasts in the mirror with your hands at your sides. Look for any changes in size, shape, or texture, such as dimpling or puckering of the skin.
- Raise your arms above your head and look for the same changes.
- With your fingers flat, press against the breast tissue in a circular motion from the outside to the center. Use light, medium, and firm pressure. Make sure you cover the entire breast and go up to the collarbone and down to the top of the abdomen.
- Squeeze the nipple and look for any discharge.
If you notice any changes during a breast self-examination, make an appointment with your healthcare provider right away. It’s always better to be safe than sorry.
In conclusion, breast cancer is a serious disease that affects many women worldwide. Early detection is key to successful treatment, and women should be familiar with the symptoms of breast cancer and perform regular self-examinations. If you notice any changes in your breast tissue, contact your healthcare provider right away. With early detection and proper treatment, many women can beat breast cancer and go on to live full, healthy lives.
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